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* ვ88 cattle : the steps which have proved success ful in the one case will be equally so in the other.' Mr. Blackwood also holds the same opinion. "It is quite clear,' he says, “that the main and most direct method of effecting an improvement of cattle in the province must be by the introduction of studbulls.” Unfortunately we read in his Report.- “There is not a single District in the province which * has an adequate supply of good breeding bulls.' The remarks of Captain Raymond are clearer still- “Out of somo 128 divisions 5 are reported to have too many bulls, 45 have enough, and 74 have not enough.” And in the 74 divisions where there are not enough the covering of cows is done by immature and weedy bulls which “are active enough, are near at hand, and ser ve the purpose for the time being.” In the past when there were numerous bulls the fittest only survived the weaker being always driven out after fight by the stronger. The Hindus had not overlooked the advantage of keeping strong bulls for purposes of breeding. And Mr. Blackwood has remarked“The old Hindu system of breeding by sacred bulls was a good one from the point of view of the cattle themselves, because, if properly ANATH BANDHU. sasaanga gfA album- -m-m-adha-adh-dh ahu-u- Volume I. carried out, it ensured that the calves dedicated to the deity were picked animals and the practice of allowing them to roam at will ensured that they were well fed and had plenty of exercise.' But “the encroachment of cultivation on waste land is perhaps the chief reason for the gradual diminution of the number of Brahmini bulls, although the High Court decision that the Brahimini bull must be regarded as a res nullinus has been a contributory cause.' The note of the Superintendent, (ivil Veterinary repartment, Bengal, shows clearly the evil effects of this 'contributory cause.” The remarks for the year 1907-08 show that “Brahmini bulls were continued to be taken away by butchers and others from Eastern Bengal and Assam and the lower districts of the Province. This evil assumed such alarming proportions that it had a serious effect on cattlebreeding.' The remarks for 19ll-l 2-13 point to another evil. ' Another evil which is assuming an alarming aspect is that the Brahmini bulls are taken away by hutchers and Maham madans for meat purposes.' (To be continued.) Hennendra Prasad Ghose. 一三飞字一