বাংলাদেশের স্বাধীনতা যুদ্ধ দলিলপত্রঃ তৃতীয় পত্র
made to feel that his own future depends to some extent on the favor or disfavor in which he stands with members of the legislature. A Minister's authority in his department might be undermined by legislative support for a particular decision or policy. Above all, the status of Ministers in parliament would be lowered if M. P. s. could get what they wanted by going behind their backs to officials. It is hoped that the politicians, political leaders, and members of the legislature will not only pay adequate attention to this, but also practice it in full. If the position of the Ministers is rendered weak by the intransigence, hostility, and irresponsibility of the members of the legislature, as was the case in France, it will strengthen the position of the civil service.
A civil servant should rarely, if ever, be mentioned in the legislature. Everything that he does is the act of the minister and it is the duty of the minister to defend his servants, observed Lord Attlee: and to take full responsibility. The civil servant on his part must never defend himself publicly. That must be left to the Minister. In the debate on the Critihel Down case in the House of Commons Mr. Morrison (later on Lord) expressed the view that a Minister need not always defend his officials in public, and he mentioned that, on one occasion, he had. as a Minister, publicly castigated in parliament and official of his department who failed to carry out his instructions. Usually, however, the minister accepts responsibility for them act of his officials even when he does not approve of them. Sir David Maxwell (cater on Lord Kilmuir) speaking as Home Secretary, agreed broadly with Mr. Morrison’s view that a Minister is under no obligation to endorse what he believes to be wrong or to defend the manifest errors of his officials. He need not approve of action of which he knew nothing about and of which he disapproves; but he will nevertheless remain constitutionally responsible to Parliament for the fact that something has gone wrong, and can be called to account for it. Ministerial responsibility is the fundamental maxim of the parliamentary Government. The Minister is the link between Parliament and the department. He is responsible to Parliament for the activities of his department. If Parliament wants anybody's head, it must be that of the Minister.
It is not possible in the space of a few pages to deal with the relations between politics and administration in their entirety. The legislature also exercises considerable influence on the civil servants. The techniques through which the legislature exercises its control include: question, resolution, discussion on budget and other issues, adjournment motions, committees, particularly the public accounts committee. Accordingly to lord Attlee, “question time in the House of Commons is one of the finest examples of real democracy". He further observed. “The effect of questions to the Minister and stilmore questions asked publicly in the House, is to keep the whole of the Civil Service on their toes." In addition there are various types of control such as control by the judiciary and administrative tribunal, financial control, control within the administration, and control by mores.
II.
Re-Organisation of the Administrative Personnel
We put great emphasis on the personnel because the public personnel is the sovereign factor in administration. First, will, energy, and mind, and then, the organisation. The problem that will confront the Bangladesh Government is the creation of a highly competent, able, honest, devoted energetic civil service capable of dealing with the
