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রামমোহন রায় 6th. But as a general peace has existed in Europe for many years, and there is more particularly so harmonious an understanding between the people of France and England and even between their presout, Governments, I am utterly at a loss to discover the cause of a regulation which manifests, to aay the least, a want of cordiality and confidence on the part of France. 7th, Even during peace the following excuses might perhaps be offered for the continuance of such restrictions, though in my bumble opinion they cannot stand a fair examination. First : If it be said that persons of bad character should not b* alloweà to enter France ; stiii it might, I pregume, te answered that the granting of passports by the French Ambassador here is not, usually foundad om eertificates of character or investigation into the conduct of individuals. Therefore, it does not provide it remody for that supposed evil. Secondly : if it be intended to prevent felons escaping from Justice : this case seema well-provided for by the treatles between different nations for the surrender of all criminals. Thirdly : If it be meant to obsoruei, the flight of debtors from their creditors : in this respect likewise it appears superBucus, as the bankrupt laws themselves after a short imprisonment set the debtor free even in his own country : “herefore, voluntary exile from his own country would be, I conceive, a greater punishment, Fourthly : If it be intended to apply to political matters, it is in the first place not applicable to my case. But on general grounds I beg to observe that it appears to me, the ends of constitutionai Government might be better attained hy submitting every matter of political difference between two countries to a Congress composed of an equal number from the Pavriiament of each ; the decision of the majority to be acquiesced in by both nations and the Chairman to be chosen by each Nation alternately, for one year, and the place of meeting io be one year within the limits of one country and next within those of the other ; such as at Dover and Calais for England aud France. i. 8th. By such a Congress all nuatters of difference, whether ും് or commercial, affecting the Natives of any two civilized