উইকিসংকলন:অনুবাদ

উইকিসংকলনে অনুবাদ

অনুবাদের সাধারণ ধারণা

বাংলায় করা অনুবাদ সাধারণত এই বাংলা উইকিসংকলনে দেওয়া যেতে পারে৷ এগুলি "প্রকাশিত" অনুবাদ হতে পারে, আবার অন্য ভাষায় প্রকাশিত রচনার উইকিসংকলন সম্পাদকদের করা "মৌলিক" অনুবাদও হতে পারে৷ দুই ধরণের অনুবাদই নিচে আলাদাভাবে আলোচিত হল৷

প্রকাশিত রচনা (পাবলিক ডোমেন বা মুক্ত লাইসেন্স-প্রাপ্ত) বাইরের কোন অনুবাদক ও প্রকাশক সৃষ্টি করেছেন এবং মুক্ত করে দিয়েছেন (অথবা তা আইন-অনুসারে মুক্ত হয়ে গেছে)৷ এইগুলি দিয়ে উইকিসংকলনে বিদ্বদ্জন-পর্যালোচিত ও সম্পাদিত বিষয়বস্তু এবং যাচাইযোগ্য বঙ্গানুবাদ যোগ করা যেতে পারে৷

মুক্ত অনুবাদের অনুপস্থিতিতে মৌলিক অনুবাদ (সর্বদাই প্রকল্পের ব্যবহার নীতি অনুযায়ী মুক্ত লাইসেন্স-প্রাপ্ত) সেই প্রয়োজন মেটাতে পারে৷ যখন কোন বাংলা অনুবাদ আদৌ নেই, বা থাকলেও মুক্ত নেই বা মুক্ত বলে জানা নেই, অথবা যে সব সংস্করণ পাওয়া যায় সবেতেই কিছু না কিছু খামতি আছে, তখনই মৌলিক অনুবাদের প্রয়োজন দেখা দেয়৷

প্রকাশিত অনুবাদ

English Wikisource hosts previously published English source texts, and this includes published translations of texts into English. Such texts and translations must meet both Wikisource:What Wikisource includes and Wikisource:Copyright policy, and are hosted on Wikisource in the same way as any other published work. See Help:Adding texts for more information.

Where relevant, this applies to multiple published translations of source texts, as appropriate per Wikisource:Versions. See the section on Multiple Translations below for more information.

Copyright status

Published translations do not bear the same copyright status as the original work. For example, even though the works of Jules Verne were published prior to 1923 and are no longer under copyright themselves, their translations into English may have been published later than 1923, and may even have had their copyright renewed since that time. The original publication date is thus not a guide to the copyright status of a translation, since each translation exists under its own copyright status. As a result, the copyright status must be checked independently of the status of the original work, and this may include determining the date of death for the translator.

To mark the copyright status of a translation, use {{translation license}} at the bottom of the translation's primary page in the main namespace. Refer to that template's documentation page for more details.

আরও দেখুন: Wikisource:Copyright policy

Translator as author

The translator of a work should be credited as such in the header of a work. For the mechanics of doing this see the documentation for {{header}}.

Additionally, translated works should be listed on the translator's page in the Author: namespace. See Help:Author pages for more information.

Selecting translations

Translations are not all equal, nor are they always similar. Some translations strive for a literal word-for-word translation of the source text, while others take a freer hand with vocabulary, grammar, and sentence order. Some may be aimed at monolingual readers, others may be prepared for students of the language in the source text. Some may be "literary" translations, others may be rather technical. Some translations may be aimed at an audience of young readers, others may be written for adults. Some source texts, especially for ancient, classical, or medieval texts, may themselves have a number of variant versions, with significant differences between them. Different translations may reflect different versions of the source text.

As a result of all this variation, some thought and care must go into selecting a suitable translation. This is especially true if there is likely to be only one translation available on Wikisource. However, one translation may not satisfy all needs, particularly for poetry and literature, as well as texts from pre-modern times. Wikisource is open to making as many published translations available as possible, if there are users willing to contribute them.

Multiple translations

Multiple published translations of source texts may be included on Wikisource, as appropriate per Wikisource:Versions and within the scope stated per Wikisource:What Wikisource includes. That is, some texts originally published in a language other than English have had more than one English translation published. Examples of well-known texts with such multiple translations include Anna Karenina, The Iliad, and the Bible. Wikisource may choose to host more than one translation, particularly when the original work is well-known, or when the translations themselves are well-known.

In cases where more than one translation may appear, the methodology, style, and goal of each translator should be clearly spelled out and summarized in the header notes of the first page. This information may also appear in a preface or introduction to the work.

For help relating multiple similar works see Help:Disambiguation.

Parallel texts

Please see Wikisource:Multilingual texts for guidelines on this topic.

Wikisource original translations

Wikisource aims to fill its library with peer-reviewed, edited content whenever possible; users are encouraged to find a free, previously-published version of every translation. However, Wikisource also allows users to create original translations and add them to the library. This allows for the translation of texts that have never before been translated into English and for new, complementary translations that may improve on existing versions in some way.

User-created translations performed on Wikisource fall into two groups:

A full translation into English, by Wikisource contributors, of a work previously published in another language. These are accepted based on the criteria defined below Wikisource translations.
A translation of a single word or phrase, by a Wikisource contributor, within a mostly English work. These short translations are considered "annotations" rather than "translations" for purposes of policy, and therefore are governed by Wikisource:Annotation; they will not be discussed further here.

Translations which are the work of Wikisource contributors must be noted as such, and clearly distinguished from previously published translations. This is accomplished by applying both of the following:

Wikisource original translations should always use {{Translation_header}}, which automatically includes the work in Category:Wikisource translations.
Wikisource original translations will be hosted in the Translation namespace. (List of namespace contents)

A scan supported original language work must be present on the appropriate language wiki, where the original language version is complete at least as far as the English translation. An inter-wiki link to the original language work must be present on the English translation.

Works that are incomplete and abandoned for long periods may be nominated for deletion, following the process described in Wikisource:Deletion policy.

Note: As with a Wikipedia article, there is no requirement to show any level of competence in a subject or a language to participate in the translation.

Multiple wiki translations

There should only be a single translation to English per original language work. All Wikisource translation are released under the same Terms of Use as any contribution to Wiki Media Foundation, as such they are expected to develop based on consensus of contributors, with the same level accuracy, neutrality and reliability of a Wikipedia article.

Grandfather rule

Works existing & accepted prior to July 2013 (or after significant policy updates) which somehow no longer meet the new/current criteria for inclusion in moving forward - some degree of reasonable accommodation to keep & grandfather-in such works should be sought after first and foremost whenever possible.

Other considerations

Interwiki linking

While all works are given interwiki links when a translation exists on another language Wikisource, works originally not in English may have their interwiki link specially marked for readers. Just before the interwiki links, add the code: {{interwiki-info|XX|(original)}} where the XX represents the language code of the Wikisource hosting the original language version. This will display the phrase "(original)" next to the corresponding interwiki link. For example, Don Quixote would use the language code es for Spanish, and would display as:

Česky⇔

Español ⇔ (original)

Հայերեն ⇔