মার্ক লিখিত সুসমাচার
MÁRK LIKHITA SUSAMÁCÁR.
THE GOSPEL OF MARK
IN ROMANISED BENGALI.
CALCUTTA:
PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS,
AND PUBLISHED BY THE CALCUTTA AUXILIARY BIBLE
SOCIETY, 23, CHOWRINGHEE ROAD.
1882.
MÁRK LIKHITA SUSAMÁCÁR.
THE GOSPEL OF MARK
IN ROMANISED BENGALI.
CALCUTTA:
PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS,
AND PUBLISHED BY THE CALCUTTA AUXILIARY BIBLE
SOCIETY, 23, CHOWRINGHEE ROAD.
1882.
| অ | a | |
| আ | া | á |
| ই | ি | i |
| ঈ | ী | í |
| উ | ু | u |
| ঊ | ূ | ú |
| ঋ | ৃ | ri |
| এ | ে | e |
| ঐ | ৈ | ai |
| ও | ো | о |
| ঔ | ৌ | au |
| ক | k | খ | kh | ||
| গ | g | ঘ | gh |
ঙ is to be represented by n when in combination with ক, খ, গ and ঘ; when in combination with other consonants and with vowels it is to be represented by ṅ.
| চ | c | ছ | ch |
To be pronounced ch and chh respectively.
| জ | j | ঝ | jh |
ঞ is to be represented by n when in combination with চ, ছ, জ and ঝ; when in combination with other consonants and with vowels it is to be represented by ñ.
| ট | ṭ | ঠ | ṭh | |
| ড | ḍ | ঢ | ḍh | |
| ণ | n | |||
| ত | t | থ | th | |
| দ | d | ধ | dh | |
| ন | n | |||
| প | р | ফ | ph | |
| ব | b | ভ | bh | |
| ম | m | |||
| য | j |
য in combination, like দ্রব্য, by y; when distinctly pronounced, as in উদ্যোগ, by j.
| র | r |
| ল | l |
| ব | b |
ব in combination, when distinctly pronounced as in চুম্বন, by b; otherwise by v.
It is to be observed, however, that in Bengali this ব is not pronounced; the only effect it has, is to strengthen or to double the letter with which it is combined, e. g. দ্বারা written dvárá, pronounced ddárá; ঈশ্বর written íshvar, pronounced íshshar.
| শ | sh |
| ষ | sh |
| স | S |
| হ | h |
| ড় | ṛ |
| ঢ় | ṛh |
| য় | y |
ঃ is to be represented when final by h, and when medial by doubling the Roman letter next following.
| ṅ | |
| n |
and before প, ফ, ব, ভ, ম, and at the end of a word, by m.
t need not be dotted when it follows sh, e.g., kashta and kāshtha.
ক্ষ and জ্ঞ are represented by ksh and jn, and ষ্ণ by shn.
ওয় is represented by w, e. g., hawāte, dewāte, and lawáte.
Final অ is not written when not pronounced, e. g. bír; except in compound words, when it may be added, even when not pronounced when the word is used singly, e. g., bíra-samúha.
The hyphen should not be used when there is vowel sandhi, e. g., astrághát, or after particles such as ni, pra, prati, aba, &c. In other cases it should be used when it contributes to clearness. No fixed rule can be laid down on the subject.
Consonants need not be doubled after r, e.g., dharma.
RULES FOR PRONUNCIATION.
The consonants for the most part are to be pronounced as in English, with the following exceptions:
c is to be pronounced like the English ch.
t and d with a dot under them are to be pronounced as in English, but when without the dot, the tongue must touch the teeth while pronouncing them.
r is always to be distinctly pronounced, as in Continental languages.
s is for the most part pronounced as sh.
v in combination, as after s, sh, d, n, is generally not pronounced.
ksh is pronounced something like ky.
ṇ has a nasal sound, as in the French, an.
ṛ has a peculiar sound, the letter being pronounced with the tongue thrown back.
jn is to be pronounced gy thus ájná is pronounced ágyá.
Special attention must be paid to the letter h, which must always have its proper sound, except when at the end of a word, in which case it is not pronounced. Thus:
kh is to be pronounced as in brick-house.
gh ... ... ... log-hut.
ch ... ... ... much-haste.
jh ... ... as ge-h in huge-house.
th ... ... as in pent-house.
dh ... ... ... cold-hand.
ph ... ... ... up-hill.
bh ... ... ... cab-horse.
But these form one sound, not two as in the English words above, and these aspirated letters may occur even at the beginning of a word, as Bhába, in which case also the aspirate must be distinctly given.
Note that th is not sounded as in thin, nor ph as in physic.
Each letter in Bengali is to be distinctly and fully pronounced, and no syllable is to be, as a rule, accented more than another.
The vowels are to be pronounced thus:
a as o in hot. This must be specially noted, as it is the vowel which occurs most frequently, representing what in Sanscrit is called the inherent vowel. ai is similarly pronounced oi.
á as a in father.
e as a in fare.
i as i in fit, or e in he.
í as ee in feet.
u as oo in foot.
ú as oo in room.
o as o in note.
au, as ou in house.
এই লেখাটি ১ জানুয়ারি ১৯২৯ সালের পূর্বে প্রকাশিত এবং বিশ্বব্যাপী পাবলিক ডোমেইনের অন্তর্ভুক্ত, কারণ উক্ত লেখকের মৃত্যুর পর কমপক্ষে ১০০ বছর অতিবাহিত হয়েছে অথবা লেখাটি ১০০ বছর আগে প্রকাশিত হয়েছে ।